Wars

Second Indochina War I

Wars 19 Min Read

The Vietnam War, or what the Vietnamese call the “American War,” grew out of the Indochina War (1946-1954). The 1954 Geneva Conference, which ended the Indochina War between France and the nationalist-Communist Viet Minh, provided for the independence of Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. Agreements reached at Geneva temporarily divided Vietnam at the 17th Parallel, pending national elections in 1956. In…

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Wars 9 Min Read

MacArthur and the disaster Korea 1950. Part I

President Truman and General Macarthur met for the first time in their careers on Wake Island, October 14, 1950. Despite their smiles here, the two men had no liking for each other, and within six months Truman had relieved Macarthur of command. While the Chinese secretly moved into North Korea,…

Wars 15 Min Read

MacArthur and the disaster Korea 1950. Part II

The second phase of the Chinese offensive was about to begin. The Chinese, who lacked tanks, air support, and heavy artillery, relied instead on surprise to defeat the Americans. CCF commanders displayed an extraordinary ability to move large numbers of troops on night marches undetected through difficult terrain. Chinese troops…

Austria British France Germany Ottoman Prussia Spain Wars 8 Min Read

War of the Austrian Succession, 1740–1748

George II at the Battle of Dettingen. George II, who was born in 1683, was king of Britain from 1727 to 1760 as a member of the Hanoverian line. He was brought up to a military life and military affairs were his major interest. He regulated his day with the…

Wars 2 Min Read

Anglo-Zanzibar War

  August 27, 1896 The Anglo-Zanzibar holds the distinction of being the shortest war in history, clocking in at 38 minutes. When Khalid bin Barghash, the new Sultan of Zanzibar came to power in 1896, he wanted the country to be free from British control. One requirement by the British…

Crusades Wars 6 Min Read

Holy War

Many people in the modern world are made uncomfortable by the notion of “holy war”: of wars fought in the name of religions whose central message (in the case of the major salvation religions) appears to be anti-violence. This discomfort leads some students and scholars to discount the genuineness of…

Ottoman Wars 11 Min Read

Iran-Iraq War I

(1980–1988) The conflict between these two great powers of the Middle East haunted every move made during the subsequent Persian Gulf hostilities. Many factors, as well as many sensitive questions, involved in the eight-year-long struggle came into play: Would Iran enter the coalition’s war to drive the Iraqi army from…

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Uniforms of Italian Wars (1494-1559)

A series of sharp but also intermittent conflicts broke out over control of Italy at…

Army Group North’s Years of Hope and Frustration I

1941: Race to Moscow, German Army Group North, the leadership. The German Push to Leningrad…

War of 1812 (1812-1815)

Chaotic and inconclusive war between the United States and Great Britain that nevertheless provided a…

War Junks

There are many types of sea-going Chinese Junks. They usually have a high stern and…