Austria

The Schleswig-Holstein campaign: General Gablenz

Austria Military and Naval Wars 13 Min Read

Austrian illustration of the battle for KönigshĂŒgel. Almost before any of the lessons of Solferino could be digested, more pressing challenges arose to the north where, in the dual duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, the Habsburg armies would confront a new enemy: the Danes. The story of the Schleswig-Holstein question was aptly summed up by Palmerston, who apparently said: ‘The…

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Austria Biography 4 Min Read

Ludwig Andreas von KhevenhĂŒller

The Duke of Lorraine and Imperial troops crossing the Rhine before Strasbourg, 1744 1683-1744    Ludwig Andreas KhevenhĂŒller, Count of Aschelberg-Frankenburg (1683 – 26 January 1744), Austrian field-marshal, came of a noble family, which, originally Franconian, settled in Carinthia. He first saw active service under Prince Eugene of Savoy in…

Austria 28 Min Read

The k. u. k. army disintegrates

On 3 November 1917 the AOK had weighed its options for the coming year in the wake of the Russian collapse. It was not optimistic. In the east the Monarchy maintained 32 infantry divisions and 12 cavalry along a 325-mile front; the Germans 92 divisions on their 775-mile line. In…

Austria 9 Min Read

Habsburg Empire – Constitutional Reform

The Hungarian leader count Gyula AndrĂĄssy (1823-1890) in 1870 From 1860 to 1867, constitutional reform therefore ranked high on the political agenda. Neo-absolutist rule gave way to broader political participation, lively public debate, and the protection of individual rights. The most difficult aspect was the position of Hungary within the…

Austria Ottoman 9 Min Read

Habsburg Empire – Nationalist and Napoleonic Challenges

Revolution of 1848: the barricades on Michaeler Square in the night of May 26, 1848. Painting by A. Ziegler, 1848 (Historisches Museum der Stadt Wien). Without the cooperation of the traditional elites in the various kingdoms and lands, the multi-ethnic Habsburg Empire could not be held together. At the same…

Austria 3 Min Read

THE REVOLUTIONS OF 1848-49

The unrest in Hungary in 1848 and 1849 was largely an expression of Magyar nationalism, and as such was opposed by those from minority ethnic groups, in particular the Croats. In 1849, with Louis Kossuth appointed president of an independent republic of Hungary, the Austrians accepted Russian assistance, offered in…

Austria History 3 Min Read

Featured Website: Austro-Hungarian Land Forces 1848-1918

Feldmarschall Joseph Graf Radetzky de Radetz By Glenn Jewison & Jörg C. Steiner The aim of this site is to document the organisational history of the land forces of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy from just prior to the outbreak of the Great War until the collapse of the monarchy in 1918.…

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WWI Austro-Hungarian Small Arms Part I

Roth-Steyr Models 1907 and 1912 Austria-Hungary finally moved to replace its aging Rast-Gasser revolvers with…

Austro-Hungarian Cavalry WWI

Pack-horse of a cavalry machine gun detachment; members of these and the telegraph detachments were…

The War of Austrian Succession: 1740-1748 – In Italy

The death of the Chevalier de Belle-Isle, Battle of Assietta. In October 1740, Emperor Charles…

Austria’s Opening Disasters – WWI

Austria’s decision for war against Serbia was not a product of fatalism, fecklessness, or incompetence.…