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17th century Hungarian HajdĂşk Uskoks of Croatia OTHER BORDER RESIDENTS: FROM ANTAGONISM TO IMITATION This brief glimpse of the Cossacks has shown that their history is highly revealing of the complexities and ambiguities of the Islamic-Christian border. The inexpiable and chronic struggles for which that border was the theater were no doubt waged in the name of two antagonistic religions,…
A memorial wall dedicated to George Kastrioti (1405–1468), also known as Skanderbeg, the national hero of the Albanian people, who repulsed 13 Ottoman invasions between 1444 and 1466. Albania is a country in southeastern Europe in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula on the Strait of Otranto, the southern…
The Russian flotilla waited too long before retreating, and one of its vessels, the double-sloop No. 2, was overtaken by small craft and its commander, Saken, blew himself up. Siege of Ochakov Catherine’s favorite, Prince Potyomkin, failed to reduce the Turkish fortress of Ochakov by bombardment and blockade in the…
The Hejaz railway connecting Damascus with the Holy Cities of what is now western Saudi Arabia had been built by the Ottoman rulers, and financed by subscriptions from Muslims, in the early years of the twentieth century to ease the difficult journey across the desert for the huge numbers of…
Algiers the capital of Algeria in the time of Rais Hamidou The U.S.-Tripoli conflict had come close to destabilizing the entire Barbary Coast. Algiers threatened war with America because the annual tribute of naval stores was late in coming. Tunis threatened war because American vessels blockading Tripoli harbor persisted in…
A galley which Ottoman Sultans used at inshore waters. Built at the end of the 16th century. Length: 40 m; Width: 5.70 m. It is reportedly the only original galley in the world. (Maritime Museum, Istanbul). On August 14, 1571, a gigantic ship’s pennant of silk damask passed through the…
Battle of Lepanto. In the curious parallelism that surrounds the events of 1571, at that moment the Ottoman commander, Ali Pasha, was also holding a council of war with his captains, and their opinions were divided in a roughly similar manner. Hassan Pasha, a bey of Algiers, spoke for the…
European matchlock musketeers of the Elizabethan period. By the early 1570s the Puritans had grown…
Dominant military forces of the Middle East between the fourth and fifteenth centuries. At Manzikert…
1568. Battle of Jemmingen. Spanish arquebusiers. Angel GarcĂa Pinto for Desperta Ferro magazine Gonzalo de…
The bombardment of the Turkish forts. Original illustration published by H W Wilson, British journalist…
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