Mongol

Qipchaqs (Kypchaks, Comans, Polovtsi)

Mongol 6 Min Read

Qipchaq cavalry and infantry A sprawling, disunited tribal confederacy, the Qipchaqs formed the base population of the Mongol GOLDEN HORDE. The Qipchaqs first appeared around 750 as a Turkic tribe occupying the ALTAI RANGE. Later they moved west and joined the Kimek confederacy in western Siberia. Beginning around 1017 tribes fleeing the growing Kitan Empire in Mongolia pushed the Qipchaqs…

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Medieval Mongol 17 Min Read

‘Storm from the East’: The Mongol Art of War

As Islam was embroiled with its counter-crusade against the Christian infidel in the Holy Land, a new, more ominous threat was emerging from the east. Mongol and Turkish tribesmen, under the charismatic leadership of the Mongol warlord Temuchin (1167–1227), were massing for the greatest conquests in human history. Genghis Khan…

Medieval Mongol Ottoman 7 Min Read

The Mongols and their Warfare

The Battle of Ain Jalut took place on 3 September 1260 between Muslim Mamluks and the Mongols in the southeastern Galilee, in the Jezreel Valley, not far from Zir’in. The battle marked the extent of Mongol conquests, and was the first time a Mongol advance had ever been permanently beaten…

Medieval Mongol 9 Min Read

GOLDEN HORDE

GOLDEN HORDE. Russian name for the Mongol domains of Russia and neighboring areas. The name derives from a nickname for the palace tent (Middle Mongolian hordo) of the Golden Horde ruler. The Golden Horde, founded by CHINGGIS KHAN’s eldest son, Jochi, unified for the first time the lands around the…

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MONGOL WEAPONS

Warrior armor. Most Mongol warriors fought as light horsemen, wearing leather body armor and, if…

Mongol: Doctrine, Strategy, and Tactics

When the Mongols engaged an opponent’s field army, they used a wide array of tactics…

Mongol Archery

Originally the basis of the Mongols’ military power and later almost driven to extinction by…

THE MONGOL-OIRAT CONFLICT

In 1388 Yisüder, a descendant of Qubilai Khan’s brother ARIQ-BÖKE, murdered the emperor Toghus-Temür, initiating…