Organisation
Ottoman Empire – Military, Fiscal, and Political Organization
Ottoman state builders (c. 1300–1922) erected and maintained one of the more durable and successful examples of empire-building in world history. Born during medieval times in the northwest corner of then Byzantine-Asia Minor, the Ottoman state achieved world-empire status in 1453, with its conquest of Constantinople. For a century before and two centuries after that epochal event, the Ottoman Empire…
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CHINESE ARMY INDIA-BURMA CAMPAIGN I
China’s Expeditionary Forces and C.A.I. In the history of China’s participation of war overseas, there were two Chinese Expeditionary Forces and one Chinese Army in India. The first Chinese Expeditionary Force was sent from Yunnan in the spring of 1942 into Burma to participate in the defense of that country.…
CHINESE ARMY INDIA-BURMA CAMPAIGN II
The Battle at Kaibtik The enemy was given a surprise by the New 30th Division’s march on Namhkam while the New 38th Division was still fighting for Bhamo. Reinforcements were brought in hurriedly in an attempt to disperse the New 30th Division and thence to go to the relief of…
The Imperial Roman High Command
The aspirations of soldiers who wished to enter into the militiae equestres highlight the often strange and convoluted path to advancement in the Roman army and administration. The usual pattern of promotion from the ranks of the army (via the primipilate and the Rome tribunates) bypassed the equestrian officer commands…
The Chinese Army in Burma, 1942–5
Nationalist survivors of the 1942 fighting in Burma take part in an assault course as part of their training in India. The helmets worn by the troops are M35s brought back from Burma by them, while their P-17 rifles have been donated by the Allies. With good training, regular meals…
1ST ADIUTRIX LEGION
1ST ADIUTRIX LEGION FOUNDATION: AD 68, to serve new emperor Galba. RECRUITMENT AREA: Initially, Gallia Narbonensis and Italy. POSTINGS: Misenum, Spain, Mogontiacum, Sirmium, Brigetio, Dacia, Parthia, Brigetio. BATTLE HONORS: Battle of Old Camp, AD 70. Trajan’s Dacian Wars, AD 101–106. Trajan’s Partian Campaign, AD 114–116. Marcus Aurelius’ German Wars, AD…
RAF Aerial Bombing and Policing the Colonies
1920s: This Bristol F2b aircraft is pictured returning from a raid on the Jelal Khel during ‘Pink’s War’ on the north-west frontier of India in 1925. The conflict was given its name after Wing Commander Richard Pink, who commanded the Royal Air Force’s air-to-ground bombardment and strafing campaign. Aerial bombing,…