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URSARIENSES LEGIO Comitatenses, GALLIA, 451 A. D. The Ursarienses were a Statutory Comitatenses (ie belonging to the mobile army, the comitatus) of the late empire, this man is from Legio III Italica according to Notitia dignitatum, under the command of the Magister equitum infra Gallias. The legionaries were protected by cuirabolli curiass, wore tunics decorated with orbicoli and clavi, and…
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Buford’s Morning Fight at Brandy Station, June 9, 1863. Following a series of meetings held in Richmond after the Battle…
Italian bombing of the Grand Harbour, Malta. Italian battleship Roma (Regia Marina, 1940) By June 1940, Italy’s battleship strength increased.…
U.S. Army Bell AH-1G HueyCobra attack helicopters over Laos. This operation was executed by US and South Vietnamese forces against…
When the Civil War began, leaders in both the North and the South thought that it would be a short war, but the two sides had very different military strategies regarding how to bring about…
Following the attack on Fort Sumter and the secession by the Confederacy the Union devised a strategy to limit the length of the war. Lincoln had no desire for further bloodshed and thus wanted a…
The entire goal of the American Revolution including the penning of the Declaration of Independence was to gain the colonists and the newly formed American nation legitimacy internationally. The Declaration of Independence was written to…
Cornelius Cruys (14 June 1655 – 14 June 1727) was a Norwegian–Dutch admiral of the Imperial Russian Navy, and the…
During the night of 22/23 April, General Helmuth Weidling, CO of 56th Panzer Corps, had been forced to relocate his…
The venerable M60 was standardized in March 1959 by the US Army, and entered production as the world’s first purpose-designed…
■ PARAETAKENA (PARAECENE), 317 BCE A battle in Media during the War of the Successors between the Macedonian forces of…
Submarines operate both submerged and on the surface. They were developed to scout for the main battle fleet and destroy enemy warships. In World War I, they were also employed effectively as commerce destroyers, and in World War II that and hunting enemy surface warships were their principal roles. The…
With a military strategy that changed from defensive to offensive, increasingly ambitious pharaohs looked “to extend the frontiers of Egypt.” King Ahmose’s armies had chased the conquered Hyksos invaders into Palestine to quash any future threat. This campaign to liberate Egypt had strengthened and organized the pharaoh’s forces, and built…
With regard to the infantry, the need for reform was far more pressing. Compared to the forced marches and parade ground precision of the Prussians the Austrian infantry were felt to be dogged and courageous but less agile and inventive. Such was the zeal with which successive reforms were introduced…
Prussian Guard sharpen swords on the steps of the French embassy in 1806 at Berlin. Picture by Myrbach. In the summer of 1806 Europe was temporarily more or less at peace, or, at least, experiencing a period of ‘phoney war’. Technically speaking, both Britain and Russia remained at war with…
Handley Page Halifaxes of No. 35 Squadron RAF bombing the German battlecruisers SCHARNHORST and GNEISENAU in dry-dock at Brest, 18 December 1941.Vertical aerial photograph taken during a daylight attack on German warships docked at Brest, France. Two Handley Page Halifaxes of No. 35 Squadron RAF fly towards the dry docks…
AD 400. The Legio Praesidiensis was in Eboracum , but the legionary fortress was straining to hold so many infantry and cavalry units at one time. The Duke of the Britains, who had his headquarters within the fortress, decided to billet the men of the Praesidiensis out amongst the population…
At the beginning of the seventeenth century the establishment of two joint-stock overseas trading companies transformed European long-distance maritime commerce. Both the English East India Company (EIC), established on December 31, 1600, by a charter from the English Crown, and the Dutch United East India Company (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie, or…
Horse artillery in action during the Seven Years’ War. Crew-member no. 2 (second right), the loader, carries ammunition in a large leather satchel around the neck; no. 3 (second left) is about to ignite the charge by means of a portfire, no. 4, the aimer (right) having stepped clear of…
British coastal assault on St Cast in Brittany in September 1758. A German map, published…
Schnellboot S-80 torpedo boat Camo Operations with the Kriegsmarine S-boats were often used to patrol…
American Lend-Lease supplies to the USSR 1941–45. Soviet historiography is mocked in the West, where…
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