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Korvettenkapitän Rudolf Petersen, Führer der Schnellboote S67 sporting the experimental plexiglass bridge armour. Imperfect due to its high reflectivity, research ended with the armoured Kalottenbrücke (skullcap). September was something of a high-water mark for Petersen’s western S-boats, able to field twenty-six operational craft. However, facing them were 324 MGBs, MTBs and MLs of the Allied coastal forces, not to mention…
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Mussolini inspecting fortified positions, 1944. Panther turrets are not of course AFV but their impact on the course of AFV…
Of all the seas in Europe, none was busier during the first five months of the year than the English…
General view of HMS TALBOT, submarine base at Malta. Submarines and harbour craft making a smoke-screen to cover their base,…
When the Civil War began, leaders in both the North and the South thought that it would be a short war, but the two sides had very different military strategies regarding how to bring about…
Following the attack on Fort Sumter and the secession by the Confederacy the Union devised a strategy to limit the length of the war. Lincoln had no desire for further bloodshed and thus wanted a…
The entire goal of the American Revolution including the penning of the Declaration of Independence was to gain the colonists and the newly formed American nation legitimacy internationally. The Declaration of Independence was written to…
Panzer II The Panzer II was the common name for a family of German tanks used in World War II.…
Commanding officers of the collaborationist Freiwillige (the Waffen-SS volunteers) brigade R.O.N.A. during the Warsaw Uprising, August 1944 A unit of…
14 OCTOBER 1943 “The mission of October 14th had demonstrated that the cost of such deep penetrations by daylight without…
The battle of Dogali by Michele Cammarano. The Negus Negasti Menelik II and his high command, in an engraving made at about the time of the battle of Adowa. While these men wear lion’s-mane headdresses and elaborately embroidered silk robes, and carry decorated shields, note that they are armed with…
The German forces in Africa developed a renown for their fighting qualities. Many of British whom they fought against were under the impression that it was an elite force, but the Afrika Korps was made up of common German soldiers from the Wehrmacht. They had no special training prior to…
Chengdu J-7G/F-7MG Fishbed J-7E2 Around this time China also started to emerge from its dependency on Soviet aircraft with the Chengdu J-7, which was a licence-built variant of the MiG-21 Fishbed – itself a second-generation fighter jet. The so-called Sino-Soviet ideological split, which had ideological differences over how to deal…
Battle of Mantzikert States that last as long as the Byzantine or the Chinese inevitably experience periods of crisis which appear to threaten their survival. For Byzantium, the challenge of Islam in the seventh century launched one of those moments and resulted in novel imperial structures over a smaller territory.…
The Battle of Marengo, Louis-François Lejeune It was the French revolutionary armies that had proved most innovating. Their striking success rested on various factors. The remarkable mobility which the French restored to warfare was crucial. It was based on the old principle, largely proscribed during the ‘age of cabinet wars’,…
Polish resistance, first against the German occupiers and later also against the Soviets, was so vast and complex as to defy a satisfactory accounting in so short a tale as ours. Fortunately, the topic boasts a substantial literature; at least in English, however, this literature is rather one-sided and uniformly…
Antoine de Marbot recounted an incident that demonstrated the properties of the two styles of cuirass, when at Eckmühl in April 1809 French and Austrian cuirassiers crashed together, while the accompanying light cavalry drew off to the flanks to avoid being caught up in the fight. The cuirassiers advanced rapidly…
Erik G:son Lewenhaupt, a captain in the British parachute forces, jumped over Normandy on 6 June 1944. He later also took part in the largest airborne operation in Western Europe as the commander of air-landed armored vehicles. In this photograph he is in Denmark in May 1945. Count Erik G:son…
British coastal assault on St Cast in Brittany in September 1758. A German map, published…
Schnellboot S-80 torpedo boat Camo Operations with the Kriegsmarine S-boats were often used to patrol…
American Lend-Lease supplies to the USSR 1941–45. Soviet historiography is mocked in the West, where…
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