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While target shooting commonly involved files of men firing successively at marks, and the fire divisions generally practiced volleying with squibs rather than with live ammunition, on occasion both methods were combined. A visitor to Boston witnessed one such session in late March 1775: “I saw a regiment and the body of Marines, each by itself, firing at marks. A…
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The engineer, Apollodorus of Damascus, used wooden arches set on twenty masonry pillars (made with bricks, mortar and pozzolana cement)…
Bactrian warriors under the Achaemenids (400 to 330 BC) Alexander the Great and the Greek Influence in Central Asia Events…
A General Dynamics F-111B (BuNo 151974) approaching the aircraft carrier USS Coral Sea (CVA-43) in July 1968. It was the…
When the Civil War began, leaders in both the North and the South thought that it would be a short war, but the two sides had very different military strategies regarding how to bring about…
Following the attack on Fort Sumter and the secession by the Confederacy the Union devised a strategy to limit the length of the war. Lincoln had no desire for further bloodshed and thus wanted a…
The entire goal of the American Revolution including the penning of the Declaration of Independence was to gain the colonists and the newly formed American nation legitimacy internationally. The Declaration of Independence was written to…
Clockwise from the top-left: Slovene police escort captured Yugoslav army soldiers back to their unit during the 1991 Slovene war…
Operation Unthinkable – Churchill’s Plans to Invade the Soviet Union In the spring of 1945 the Red Army continued its…
It was invented by Arab inventor named Hassan Al Rammah between 1270 and 1280, who worked in Syria after the…
British military aviation has its roots in the Royal Engineers, which established a balloon corps in 1908. In May 1912,…
Napoleon III Watches the Rhine In setting out to coerce Austria out of Germany, Bismarck knew that the diplomatic situation continued to favour Prussian ambitions. Neither Russia nor Britain was inclined to an active role in European politics. France, however, remained a key piece on his chessboard. Before making any…
Events in July and August 2006 reminded observers that the Arab – Israeli conflict is not restricted to confrontations between Israelis and Palestinians. On 12 July 2006, Lebanese-based Shia Hezbollah militants killed three Israeli soldiers patrolling the Israeli side of the border fence in the north of Israel and captured…
(1897–1982) A lieutenant in World War I, Heusinger would become a lieutenant general in World War II, serving the German High Command as chief of the Operations Section. He was suspected in the 1944 plot to kill Hitler. Though never tried, Heusinger had reason to believe that the SS (Schutzstaffel)…
The Tatars of the Golden Horde launched a major raid into Moldavia in 1470 to plunder churches, towns and villages. As they withdrew with riches, livestock and slaves, Stephen sprang an ambush on them at Lipnic before they reached the Nistru. He not only inflicted heavy losses on the Tatars,…
The first Naval Aviation Victoria Cross was awarded to Flight Sub Lieutenant Reginald Warneford serving with the Royal Naval Air Service and flying a Morane Saulnier Type L. Whilst flying over Belgium on a night-time mission to intercept Zeppelins, Flt Sub Lt Warneford spotted Zeppelin LZ. 37 flying over Ostend.…
HMS Volage and HMS Hyacinth confront Chinese war junks at Chuenpee, 3 November 1839. The British repulse the Chinese advance in the city. Today many prominent historians downplay the role of science in the rise of the West, and the topic has aroused considerable discussion. As usual most of this…
At the beginning of January 1475, the Ottoman army entered Moldavia, in search of a decisive clash with Stephen’s army. The battle took place near the city of Vaslui. The thick fog that day played an important role, making the orientation of the Ottoman army difficult. The first Ottoman attack…
Haile Selassie, Emperor of Abyssinia, was exiled by Mussolini in 1936 after the Italian occupation of his country. In May 1941 he was escorted back to his capital, Addis Ababa, and to his throne by Colonel Orde Wingate (left) following a daring guerrilla campaign. His was the first country to…
British coastal assault on St Cast in Brittany in September 1758. A German map, published…
Schnellboot S-80 torpedo boat Camo Operations with the Kriegsmarine S-boats were often used to patrol…
American Lend-Lease supplies to the USSR 1941–45. Soviet historiography is mocked in the West, where…
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