Mongol

Mongol Archery

Mongol Weapons 6 Min Read

Originally the basis of the Mongols’ military power and later almost driven to extinction by the advent of firearms, archery has been revived in Mongolia as a purely recreational sport. Mongolian archery in the Middle Ages had great military significance. The earliest surviving piece of Mongolian writing is a stone inscription set up in 1226, which records a 335-fathom (about…

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China Mongol 8 Min Read

Mongol Victory at Huan’erzui

Genghis Khan at the Battle of Huan’erzui by Alexis Morand on ArtStation At Yehuling (Fox Range)   1211, 100,000 Mongols defeat 500,000 Chinese At the Battle of Huan’erzui (Badger’s Mouth) in February 1212, the Mongols under CHINGGIS KHAN delivered a legendary defeat to the field armies of the Jin dynasty in…

Battle China Mongol 8 Min Read

Battle of Tumu Fortress

In the late 15th century China was still a world leader in many areas of technology, having enjoyed advanced economic development for many centuries before the West. However, it began to suffer from worsening ossification of the central government and scholar-elite into endemic corruption and a rigid interpretation of Confucianism…

Mongol 30 Min Read

The Era of Inter-Mongol Warfare I

The Toluid Civil War was a war of succession fought between Kublai Khan and his younger brother, Ariq Böke, from 1260 to 1264. Möngke Khan died in 1259 with no declared successor, precipitating infighting between members of the Tolui family line for the title of Great Khan that escalated to…

Mongol 25 Min Read

The Era of Inter-Mongol Warfare II

The Toluid Civil War was a war of succession fought between Kublai Khan and his younger brother, Ariq Böke, from 1260 to 1264. Möngke Khan died in 1259 with no declared successor, precipitating infighting between members of the Tolui family line for the title of Great Khan that escalated to…

Mongol 30 Min Read

The Era of Inter-Mongol Warfare III

The Toluid Civil War was a war of succession fought between Kublai Khan and his younger brother, Ariq Böke, from 1260 to 1264. Möngke Khan died in 1259 with no declared successor, precipitating infighting between members of the Tolui family line for the title of Great Khan that escalated to…

China Mongol Weapons 31 Min Read

The Mongol Wars and the Evolution of the Gun, 1211–1279

The rise of the Mongols was a key event in the evolution of gunpowder technology. Their wars drove military developments in East Asia and spread gunpowder technology westward. You’d think this statement would be uncontroversial. After all, the Mongols created the world’s largest empire, connecting East Asia to South Asia,…

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MONGOL WEAPONS

Warrior armor. Most Mongol warriors fought as light horsemen, wearing leather body armor and, if…

Mongol: Doctrine, Strategy, and Tactics

When the Mongols engaged an opponent’s field army, they used a wide array of tactics…

Mongol Archery

Originally the basis of the Mongols’ military power and later almost driven to extinction by…

THE MONGOL-OIRAT CONFLICT

In 1388 YisĂĽder, a descendant of Qubilai Khan’s brother ARIQ-BĂ–KE, murdered the emperor Toghus-TemĂĽr, initiating…