Medieval

The siege of Rouen, July 1418–January 1419 Part II

Medieval Siege 34 Min Read

By October 1418 the English army was securely established around Rouen. The whole of the lower reach of the Seine was under their control. The harvest had been brought in. Armed foraging expeditions were returning daily with supplies. Large markets had been set up at the edge of their encampments which were constantly restocked. Only the quiescence of the French…

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Battle Medieval Spain 9 Min Read

BATTLE OF THE RIVER SALADO

Book Link Development of the Battle of Salado 30 October 1340 Many of the battles fought between Islam and Christianity have been hailed as the decisive encounter between the two religions. Few of them can have been more decisive than the crushing defeat of the wealthy emir of Marinid Morocco,…

Battle History Medieval Ottoman 11 Min Read

The Battle of Kosovo – Reality and Myth

Kosovo Maiden After the battle of the Maritsa River the Ottomans greatly extended their circle of vassals, who were obliged to contribute to the Empire’s further ascent and consolidation by paying annual tributes and joining forces with the sultan in his military expeditions. They placed the urban strip and important…

Biography Medieval 12 Min Read

The Bloodless Crusader

Frederick II may have taken the Mongols up on their offer to let him be the Khan’s Falconer. Frederick II (1194–1250; ruled 1220–50), who also ruled Sicily (an island south of Italy in the Mediterranean Sea), was one of the most fascinating figures of the medieval period. Frederick II presided…

China Medieval Organisation Personnel 11 Min Read

Late Medieval China

A Chinese cavalryman c. 1260 is shown firing on a Mongolian warrior. The huo qiang or fire lance, which may date back to the 10th century. It was essentially a hollow tube made from thick layers of I paper, inside which was put a charge of gunpowder and shrapnel pieces.…

Fortification Medieval 34 Min Read

RAIDING AND EARLY MEDIEVAL WARFARE III

Devil’s Dyke – What was it for? The Dyke was constructed in the 5th or 6th centuries – perhaps by the Saxon kings of the East Angles in order to defend their newly established lands from attack by the Britons. It would certainly have helped provide control over the movement…

Fortification Medieval 19 Min Read

Raiding and Dykes

Offa’s Dyke RAIDING ACROSS THE WORLD As we lack detailed written descriptions of raiding in early medieval sources, let us examine periods of incessant small-scale military forays from other periods and places. By understanding how raiding worked, it may be possible to see how early medieval dykes functioned as a…

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The Mauryan Empire Military

Chandragupta governed a true monarchical imperial state. The king ruled with the help of a…

The Military of the Byzantines

Dominant military forces of the Middle East between the fourth and fifteenth centuries. At Manzikert…

Wars of Charlemagne

The composition and equipment of Charlemagne’s army was continuously evolving. Initially, the Carolingian Army was…

The Medieval Siege

In ancient times, cities often had strong walls around them, and warfare against these cities…