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HMS Vendetta, June 1919 (IWM Q73903). Thirty-five-year-old Johan Laidoner had been appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Estonian Armed Forces on 23 December 1918. From the time of his arrival two weeks beforehand, he had set to work with a will, using the breathing space that Alexander-Sinclair’s attack had brought him to organise his forces and plan a counter Bolshevik campaign. By…
Reconstruction of the castle in the early 14th century, seen from the sea. Gatehouses The King’s gate at Caernarfon is one of the most powerful of gatehouses, begun in 1283. In front of the entrance is a turning bridge; the front end rose up into a recess while the rear…
The Battle of Bunker Hill by Percy Moran In eighteenth-century conventional linear warfare, the regimental infantry officer took part in four main activities: he motivated his men, directed them, kept them in good order, and engaged in personal combat. At least on European battlefields, perhaps the first of these four…
Banastre Tarleton Officer casualties were probably disproportionately heavy in those engagements in America where British bayonet attacks failed to dislodge the enemy quickly because sustained fighting gave the rebels more opportunity to single out officers and shoot them down. Burgoyne later claimed that this had unfortunately very much been the…
James Scott, Duke of Monmouth. Battle of Sedgemoor (c) Manchester City Galleries; Supplied by The Public Catalogue Foundation PRINCIPAL COMBATANTS: England vs. the duke of Monmouth PRINCIPAL THEATER(S): Somersetshire, England MAJOR ISSUES AND OBJECTIVES: Monmouth sought to succeed Charles II to the throne. OUTCOME: The rebellion was crushed, Monmouth beheaded,…
Affectionately known by Army Air Corps pilots as the ‘Whistling Chicken Leg’ and the ‘Tinny-Winny’, the Westland-built Gazelle AH.1 has been in continuous in service for more than forty-five years. Three AH.1s were officially accepted to the Gazelle Intensive Flying Trials Unit (IFTU) at Middle Wallop on 3 May 1973.…
By the outbreak of war with Germany in September 1939 there were only two Matildas in service, though 16 had been issued to 7th Royal Tank Regiment in France by early 1940 where they were used with success in the Battle of Arras just prior to the Dunkirk evacuation. The…
British coastal assault on St Cast in Brittany in September 1758. A German map, published…
The Hanoverian contingent in Wellington’s army was integrated fully into the British divisional structure; it…
European matchlock musketeers of the Elizabethan period. By the early 1570s the Puritans had grown…
The Gordon Highlanders storming Dargai Heights during the Tirah campaign in 1897. It was here…
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Our website implements the ARIA attributes (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) technique, alongside various different behavioral changes, to ensure blind users visiting with screen-readers are able to read, comprehend, and enjoy the website’s functions. As soon as a user with a screen-reader enters your site, they immediately receive a prompt to enter the Screen-Reader Profile so they can browse and operate your site effectively. Here’s how our website covers some of the most important screen-reader requirements, alongside console screenshots of code examples:
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Despite our very best efforts to allow anybody to adjust the website to their needs. There may still be pages or sections that are not fully accessible, are in the process of becoming accessible, or are lacking an adequate technological solution to make them accessible. Still, we are continually improving our accessibility, adding, updating and improving its options and features, and developing and adopting new technologies. All this is meant to reach the optimal level of accessibility, following technological advancements. For any assistance, please reach out to
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