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The Normans arrived in the Byzantine world not as enemies, but as valued mercenaries esteemed for their martial prowess. The settlement of Scandinavian raiders created the duchy of Normandy, when the region was ceded to their war leader Rollo (d. ca. 931) by the Carolingian king Charles the Simple (898–922). Rollo’s descendants mingled with the local French population to create…
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Armour and weapons of an Ottoman Sipahi cavalryman, circa 1550, on display at the Musée de l’Armée in Paris, France.…
1: Norman heavy miles armatus 2: Varangian guardsman, Byzantine army 3: Norman arbelestier 4: Muslim iklīm local soldier Opportunity came…
In 685 the Battle of Dun Nechtain or Battle of Nechtansmere. The Battle of Dun Nechtain or Battle of Nechtansmere…
Weapons and Warfare has been updated with a save posts feature, accessibility options and a new store. While on a post page, you can now easily save a post to read later: New accessibility options…
Read more about the World War II match up between Spitfire XIVs versus Bf 109Ks here:
Read more about the U.S. Brown Water Navy during the Vietnam War here:
DIMENSIONS AND PERFORMANCE DATA FOR SPITFIRE PR XIX TYPE: Single-engined monoplane reconnaissance aircraft DIMENSIONS: Length: 32 ft 8 in (9.96…
During a twelve-year period in the 330s and 320s BC, a young Macedonian king, Alexander (‘the Great’), had by the…
The work on evolving operational requirements for an attack aircraft went further on for quite some time; not until 1972…
Brigadier General J V Campbell addressing troops of the 137th Brigade (46th Division) from the Riqueval Bridge over the St…
Ferik Ismail Pasha, commander of the Egyptian troops in the Crimea. Photo by Roger Fenton, 1855. The Naval bombardment continued until 25 October and achieved nothing, although Admiral Kornilov died on the first day of the bombardment. Thus began the 349 days of siege and trench warfare at Sevastopol. Menshikov,…
Mk.23 Mod.0 equipped with suppressor and laser aiming module. In 1991 USSOCOM, the overall command for special operations, awarded contracts to Heckler & Koch and to Colt Manufacturing Co. to submit test pistols for a new Offensive Handgun Weapon System (OHWS). As the name of the system suggests, the new…
Army of Diocletian by JohnnyShumate With Sasanian King Shapur’s death, the Zoroastrian priesthood seized its chance to stifle what it saw as a potent threat to its social and religious dominance. The minorities of Varahran I (273–6) and Varahran II (276–93) seem to have been dominated by the Mazdean priesthood…
The treaties of the second decade of the eighteenth century might have ushered in a peace as durable as that which followed the Congress of Vienna at the very end of this period. Alas, Utrecht-Rastadt-Nystad turned out to be more like 1919 in their fragility. Even before the Great Northern…
Had the Turkish wars ended conveniently with the Habsburgs’ apogee at the Peace of Passarowitz in 1718, then the conventional assumptions about Ottoman decay and decline would have been triumphantly vindicated. But they did not end then. There were two more wars which destroyed the euphoric confidence generated by the…
Rommel Hitler and the Allies instinctively chose to command in the great battle two champions whose fates had already intertwined: Generalfeldmarshal (Field Marshal) Erwin Rommel, ‘The Desert Fox’ and General Bernard Montgomery, ‘Monty’. Rommel with his small Afrika Korps had come closer than any man in history to severing the…
The fearsome warriors of the Shawnee people and other Ohio tribes sought to prevent British expansion of its Virginia colony west of the Allegheny Mountains. Scottish-born John Murray, fourth Earl of Dunmore, joined the British army at 20 and became Virginia’s colonial governor at age 41. Frontiersmen came to dominate…
Land troops were supported by the Roman navy which was part of the army and not a separate service. Standing fleets of warships (for fighting) and merchantmen (for supply and transport of troops) were based throughout the empire. Individual squadrons were commanded by praefecti. In the west the major…
British coastal assault on St Cast in Brittany in September 1758. A German map, published…
Schnellboot S-80 torpedo boat Camo Operations with the Kriegsmarine S-boats were often used to patrol…
American Lend-Lease supplies to the USSR 1941–45. Soviet historiography is mocked in the West, where…
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